MAY 30 "RATS AND PEOPLE BEHAVE THE SAME"
Many years earlier, the psychologist B.F. Skinner had devised the operant conditioning chamber or “Skinner Box” in which a lever press by an animal triggered either a reinforcing stimulus such as delivery of food or water, or a punishing stimulus like a painful foot shock. Olds and Milner soon adapted the chamber so that a lever press would deliver direct brain stimulation through the implanted electrodes. What resulted was perhaps the most dramatic experiment in the history of behavioral neuroscience; rats would press the lever as many as 7,000 times per hour to stimulate their brains. They weren't stimulating a “curiosity center” at all-- this was a reward circuit, the activation of which was much more powerful than any natural stimulus. ~A series of amazing experiments revealed that rats preferred reward circuit stimulation to food (even when they were hungry) and water (even when they were thirsty). Self-stimulating male rats would ignore a female in heat and would repeatedly ...